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2 Sheets-.Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

R; J. COLVIN. PADLOGK.

No. 487,808. Patented Deo. 6, 1892.

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PETERS co.. FHoToummwAsumn-m n a (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

R. J. GOLVIN.

PADLOGK.

No. 487,608. Patented Dec. 6, 1892.

WWNEEEIE UNITED STATES PATENT @.ErrcE.

P. ErrNEE, or

SAME PLACE.

PADLocK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 487,608, dated December 6, 1892.

Application filed July 28, 1892.

To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, ROBERT J. CoLvIN, of Lancaster,in the county of Lancasterand State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Padlocks; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it pertains to make and use it, refer- I0 ence being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in spring-padlocks; and it consists in the construction and arrangement of parts, which will be fully described hereinafter, and particularly referred to in the claims.

The primary object of my invention is to provide avery simple and cheap padlock which is composed of but very few pieces.

Another object of my invention is to so construct the lock that the part of the bolt upon which the key operates to unlock itis entirely covered by means of a hood or projection, whereby it requires a peculiar-shaped key to z5 reach it, and also to prevent the liability of the lock being opened by means of a wire with a bent end.

A still further object of my invention is to provide the end piece of the lock with an in- 3o tegral extension, which latter forms a keyguide, a guide and a stop for one arm of the shackle, and a hood or cover for the key-operating part of the bolt, thus producing one piece which 'performs tive functions or purposes in the makeup and operation of the lock.

The object of my invention still further consists n certain details of construction, for the purposes hereinafter specified.

In the drawings, Figure l is a perspective view of my lock, the casing being cut in two and separated to show the operating partsin their proper position therein. Fig. 2 represents detached perspective views of the end piece and its extension, the view at the left being an inverted View and the one at the right a top 'view thereof. Fig. 3 represents detached views of the bolt, the left-hand view being an inverted view, the right hand a top 5o View, and the central one an end view. Fig.

4 is a detached perspective view of the shackle.

Serial No. 441,467. (No model.)

Fig. 5 is a detached perspective view of the key. Fig. 6 is a detached perspective View of the spring for throwing the boltinto a locked position. Fig. 7 is a detached perspec- 55 tive view of that part of the casing which is shown as containing the operating parts in Fig. 1.

A represents the casing, which is preferably cast in one piece with an open end, though it 6o may be made in two parts and secured togeiher by means of rivets orin any other suitable manner, if preferred. rIhe closed end of this casing A is provided with the two holes P, through which the arms C and D of the shackle B project, as illustrated in Fig. 1.

E is the end piece, which rests in a recess formed in the open end of the casing, which recess forms a iiangef, which latter is turned down upon the end piece to secure it in place 7o after all the parts of the lock are puttogether ready for operation, as will be understood. Cast integral with this end piece E is an eX- tension I', which is provided with two longitudinal ribs or iianges F, which form a keyway or guide, as will fully appear hereinafter, and the outer end of this way or guide registers with the keyhole e, made in the end piece F. Though I preferably cast this extension integral with the end piece E, I do not desire 8o to limit myself to this construction,for it will be readily understood that this extension can ybe cast separate and then riveted or otherwise rigidly secured to the end piece. One inner corner B preferably, though not necessarily, rests against the adjacent inner side wall of the casing, as shown, which assists in holding the said extension in its proper position when placed in the lock.

I is the looking-bolt, which is placed at the 9o shackle end of the casing and engages therewith, one end thereof being concaved, as shown at J, forming alip or projection M, and the other end of the bolt is formed into a projecting end N, which has its outer portion beveled, as shown, to allow the shackle to be pushed in and locked without the use of the ke 'Ilhe shackle B is provided with the two arms C and D, the oneD being longer than the one tot C, as shown, and provided at its inner end with a flange d, which serves as a stop for the shackle to prevent it being pulled out of the lock, as will be fully described presently. Cut in the inner side of the arm C is a recess a, into which the projection N of the bolt extends for locking that arm, and formed in the outer side of the arm D isa recess b, which receives the lip or projection M at the opposite end of the bolt. Owing to this construction, it will be seen that a double lock is made of the bolt-that is to say, one end of the bolt locks one arm of the shackle, while the other end of the bolt locks the other arm of the shackle.

Projecting laterally from the inner corner of the extension I', opposite the portion B', are two arms lI, which are curved at their in* ner edges to form a guide and a stop for the inner end of the arm D of the shackle. After the shackle is released bythe bolt and is pulled out its outward movement is limited by the flange or stop d at the inner end of the said arm. When so pulled ont, the shackle can be turned around to permit the placing therein or the removing therefrom a staple, chain, or hasp of any style. The arm D is preferably reduced, as shown at c, where it moves between the arm Il, thus forming the fiange d.

Projecting laterally and inwardly from the bolt I is an operating projection K, and this projection is supported a suitable distance from the main portion of the bolt to form a slot or open space L. So, also,this operating projection K has its operating-surface, with which the key comes in contact, cut away, as shown at 1T. The object of the slotL and cutaway portion 1i is to guide the point of a bent wire up through the slot L when it is turned, so that it will not operate the bolt. A still further protection against the projection being operated by a wire with an end bent at right angles is a hood or cover Gupon theinner end of the extension I', which hood extends over the key-operating projection K,so that the key must be shaped to extend around and operate under this cover G. This construction requires that any instrument inserted within the lock for the purpose of moving the bolt 1n ust be so accurately shaped that it is considered quite impossible to turn the instrument and at the same time move the bolt. A further protection is afforded against the picking of the lock even by a wire bent in something the shape of the key, which consists in a projecting lip h at the adjacent edge of the hood to the keyway. This affords protection from the fact that the instrument must have the bend at its end such that it will pass under this lip and yet will not strike against the inner side of the casing. If the double is made small, it will not pass around the lip, and if it is made large it will engage the inner face of the casing, and in either case cannot be turned. The construction of the lip and hood, while simple and easily operated by a key of the proper shape, is such that 'to a person not having the exact positions of these parts and the exact dimensions it would be quite impossible to so shape a wire as to move the bolt.

By reference to Fig. 5 it will be seen that the inner end of the key is doubled upon itn self, as illustrated at R, in order to pass around the lip h and under the hood Gr to operate upon the projection K.

As a means of having the keys of each lock dilferent, the key will be provided with one or more projections S, which are so placed upon the key that when the key has its inner end resting against the inner edge of the bolt the said projection or projections will pass a projection or projections g, extending from the extension I at one side of the key-guideway. From this it will be seen that the position of the projection upon the key must be just right or it will not pass the projection upon the extension, thus making it impossible to turn the key. However, the varietyin keys for diiferent locks can best be accomplished by having upon the key one or more projections and have them pass through a notch or recess formed in one wall of the guideway therefor. In thisinstance in order to make different keys for the locks manufactured, so that the key for one lock will not open any other lock, it is only necessary to change the position of the projection upon the key very slightly and make the notch in the wall register therewith. The dierence in position of the projection of two keys need only be a few filings in order to make the key of one lock so that it will not turn in the keyway of another lock. This will allow a great number of locks to be manufactured which have keys that will operate onlyin the lock for which it is made.

The bolt is normally held in the position shown in Fig. l for locking the shackle by means of a spring U, which has its ends V turned in opposite directions. The inner end rests in a cutaway portion m of the bolt, and the other bent end rests in a notch t, made in the casing at one edge thereof. The end piece E is provided with an extension u at one side, which projects inward and over the outer end of the spring and holds it in place.

In Fig. l the lock is shown in a locked position and the key inserted for the purpose of being turned to force the bolt back. By giving the key a one-quarter turn toward the boltor key operating projection K the doubled end of the key will engage the said projection K and force the bolt out of oontact with the two arms C and D, thus allowing the shackle to be drawn out into the prsition shown in dotted lines in Fig. l. In this position the shackle can be turned to one side for the purpose of allowing a staple or hasp to be inserted or withdrawn therefrom.

The casing, as before stated, is cast in a single piece, preferably, and then the operating parts are placed therein. This is done by first putting the arms of the shackles through the openings P, then dropping the bolt into position, then the spring, and then the end IOO IIC

piece, and the lock is put together, requiring only that the flange f be turned in upon the end piece. In order to better guide the bolt to its proper position, a raised portion r and a bead s are provided, which will help to guide the bolt to its position when dropped therein, as will be understood.

It will be understood that I do not limit myself to any dimensions or proportions of the parts of the lock or the key, for these may be varied at the will of the manufacturer and to adapt them for various purposes. I prefer to make the key at, so that it can be stamped from a suitable piece of sheet metal.

From the above description it will be seen that I produce a lock which does not require any rivets or screws and which is very simple and cheap to manufacture, owing to the few parts required, and this is accomplished in a great measure, owing to the many purposes produced, by the end piece and its extensions.

In order to automatically throw the shackle out when the bolt is operated upon by the key, a spring y is placed at the inner end of the long arm of the shackle, which will force it out when it is released by the bolt.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

I. A lock comprising a bolt having a proj ecting key-operating projection, a keyway at one side thereof, and a hood at one side of the keyway, extending` over the said key-operating projection of the bolt, substantially as specified.

2. A lock and a key therefor, consisting of a casing, a bolt `having a key-operating proj ection extending therefrom, a keyway at one side of the said proj ection,a hood at one side of the keyway and projecting over the said key-operating projection, and a key having a doubled inner end which passes under the said hood for operating the said projection when turned.

3. A lock comprising a bolt having a keyoperating projection, a keyway,a hood which extends over the key-operating projection, and a lip at one side of the keyway adjacent to the said operating projection, and akey constructed to operate in conjunction therewith.

4. A lock comprising a casing provided with two openings, a shackle provided with two' arms projecting through the said openings, the said arms having each a recess formed, respectively, in opposite sides thereof, and a bolt placed and adapted to move at right angles to the said arms, one end of the bolt being between the said arms and engaginga recess in the inner side of one of the arms, the other end of the bolt extending around the otherarm and into a recess formed in the outer side of that arm,whereby a double lock is formed for the shackle.

5. A lock comprising a casing, a bolt, an end piece having rigidly secured thereto an inwardly-projecting keyway having projecting arms forming a guideway for a shackle-arm, and a shackle having an arm provided with a portion sliding in the said arms.

6. A lock comprising a casing having an open end, a bolt, a shackle extending into the casing, a spring having one end behind the bolt and the other end adjacent to the open end of the casing,a keyway, an end piece, and a projection on the end piece, extending over the opposite end of the spring, substantially as described.

7. A lock comprising a casing having an RQBERT J. COLVIN.

Witnesses:

CHARLES F. HAGER, Jr., ALLAN A. HERR. 

